Socket wrench



J. J. M GUCKIN SOCKET WRENCH Filed May 2, 1924 June 29 1926.

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UNITED STATES JOHN J. MOGUCKIN, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

sooxn'r WRENCH.

Application filed May 2,

My invention relates to socket wrenches intended, particularly, forturning round nuts; and the particular object of my invention is toproduce such a wrench which will grasp a nut easily and firmly and willbe caused to hug it, by the act of turning down the nut, but may bereadily freed from the nut without danger of backing it off.

Another object of' my invention is to so form the socket of the wrenchthat,it will detachably hold a round nut against dropping out of its ownweight, thereby facilitating the mounting and dismounting of the nuts uon'their threaded shanks.

In t e drawings Fig. 1 is an elevation of a wrench embodying myinvention, the socketend being shown in section Fi Q is an end view ofthe socket as looking-to the right on Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a longitudinalsection of the socket; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of a modifiedform of a socket; and Fig. 5 is an end view of the same. taken aslooking to the left on Fig. 4. Figs. 4 and 5 are on an enlarged scaleand Figs. 2 and 3 are on a still larger scale as compared with Fi 1.

Tn all the figures similar parts are designated by correspondingreference numerals.

The wrench may be provided with a conventional shank 1 inserted in asuitable handle as 2, the shank being provided at its free end with anenlarged terminal 3 having an interior socket 4, preferably having .anextension 5 adapted to freely receive the end of a threaded shank uponwhich a nut may he run. The interior socket 4 is provided with a seriesof grooves 6, 6, forming between them a series of ribs 7, 7, extendingentirely around the interior wall of the socket.

These ribs have a moderate clockwise pitch or twist, as shown in thedrawing; and they also have, preferably, a lateral pitch in the samedirection. The result of this arrangement is that when'the socket ispassed over and around the nut and slid down upon it so that the ribs 7,7 grip the periphery of the nut, if the wrench is ressed against the nutand turned clockwise, the flanges will bite into the nut; and, upon thewrench being turned clockwise, the wrench socket-will be caused to hugthe nut and will be drawn down over it. and into tighter contact with itbecause of the clockwise, longitudinal twist in the ribs 7 7 the lateralpitch of the ribs causing them to present their acute lateral anglesagainst resistance of the nut,

1924. Serial No. 710,490.

thereby causing the ribs to better grip the nut against slipping.

A comparatively slight relative rotation of the Wrenclrwill besuflicient to seat it firmly upon the nut so that the nut may be carriedforward and spun into desired position, increasing resistance on thepart of the nut simply causing the wrench to grip it the tighter.

Then the nut has been run home the wrench may be freed from it bypulling it away from the nut, as the twist in the ribs is not suflicientto interfere with the wrench being pulled away from the nut; for, if the'wrench is held firmly in the hand, the effect of pulling it away fromthe nut will he to impart a slight forward impulse to the nut, settingit tighter; whereas, if the wrench is held with a yielding grip, it maybe drawn slightly anti-clockwise in the hand so as to permit it to freeitself from the nut. And in case the wrench does not clear the nutreadily a slight sidewise jar will be sufficient to loosen its grip onthe nut.

For backing oif nuts, where the resistance is usually less than inrunning them home. the ribs 7, 7 will be found to give a sufli cientlyfirm hold under ordinary circun1- stances. But I desire it to beunderstood that if a wrench is desired which will afford a particularlystrong grip for backing of? nuts, or for running on left handed nuts.the ribs in the socket may be given an anticlockwise twist, and acorresponding lateral pitch, so as to produce the same results ingripping the nut as have been explained alipve as applying to theclockwise twisted 1-1 s.

By means of my improvements I secure a socket wrench which grips a roundnut evenly all around its periphery; which. because of the taper in thesocket, causes it to wedge down on the nut; and, becauseof the twist andpitch of the interior ribs, causes it to hug the nut persistently as thewrench drives it home. Furthermore when the nut has been seated there isno danger of backing it off in the operation of removing the wrench, aswould be the case if the socket were provided with a low pitched screwthread, which would jam about the nut so tightly as to cause the nut tohang to the wrench when the wrench was reversed to back it off.Furthermore a low pitched screw thread, also would require aconsiderable rotation of the wrench to jam it upon the nut, and, also,a'very considerable rotation to free it from the nut, both of whichmovements consume time and energy and are to be avoided if possible.

The use of my improved wrench involves practically no waste motion noran danger of backing oil a nut after it has en run home.

My improved wrench, also, may be conveniently used for applying nutswhere it may be inconvenient to use the fingers, by placing the nut intothe socket of the wrench, pressing it home with the finger and at thesame time slightly rotating the wrench clockwise, thereby causing it togrip the nut with sufiicient firmness so that the nut will retain itsposition in the socket, and, by using the wrench as a handle, may beplaced upon the shank and spun down thereon, the wrench seating itselfmore firmly about the nut as the resistance may be increased while thenut is being run down.

I desire it to be understood that I have illustrated a preferred but notan exclusive form of my invention. For it is obvious that details mightbemodified by the use of equivalent forms of grooves 01' ribs, withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention as claimed. r

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States is 1. A wrench embod in a shankcarryin a terminal with an unlaroien outer wall and having anoutwardly-flaring conical cavity therein which is provided; interiorlywith a multiplicity of independent, uniform, integnal, longitudinallydisposed ribs, having inwardly extending angular edges and extendingentirely around the cavity, the ribs being deflected slightlycircumferentially relative to the longitudinal axis of the cavity.

2. A, wrench embod ing a shank carrying a terminal with an un rokenouter wall and having an outwardly flaring conical cavity therein whichis provided interiorly with a multiplicity of independent, uniform,integral, longitudinally disposed ribs, having inwardly extendingangular edges and extending entirely around the cavity, the ribs havinga slight helical deflection circumferentially relative to thelongitudinal axis of the cavity and each rib presenting an acute anglededge in the direction of its deflection.

JOHNJ. McGUCKIN.

